Metals
and Gilding |
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What
can be gilded and what are the materials and methods used by SES
? |
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Materials:....22-23crt
Gold Leaf, Patent gold, DutchLeaf, Imitation Gold & Silver leaf, 24crt
Gold Leaf , Palladium gold, Copper New and aged. |
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| Water
Gilding Of the two types of gilding, water gilding provides the most brilliant surface. It is most frequently used on frames and objects; it is not use for exterior gilding. The usual sequence of steps for water gilding are: * Glue size applied to the wood * Numerous coats of gesso * Application of clay (bole ) The gold is then applied using gilder's liquor (water and alcohol); this activates the glue present in the bole.At this point, the leaf may be left as is, providing a matte, frosty appearance, or may be burnished to varying degrees of brilliance. Frequently, some areas are left unburnished in order to provide contrast. |
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Oil
(Matte) Gilding Oil gilding (also known as matte gilding) uses gold size (varnish) to adhere the gold to the surface. This technique does not allow the leaf to be burnished, and thus does not provide the brilliant finish of water gilding. This technique does allow gilding on a wider variety of surfaces than water gilding, and is the technique used for exterior gilding projects such as signs and architectural work. We protect all exterior methods from weathering OR we allow it to weather naturally. We can also "force" the weathering, stop the process at a point in time, then seal it in to stay just how you wish it to look. |
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Alloys Copper and Copper Alloys (Brass and Bronze)colour of bare metal: various shades of yellow (pure copper is reddish) Bass is an alloy of copper plus zinc. Bronze is an alloy of copper plus tin |
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Freshly
polished copper objects have reddish-orange colour. Examples of objects
made from copper include coins, roofing, cookware, and pipes. Shown
here is a highly polished and clear coated copper art vase. |
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Freshly polished brass is usually yellow, however some alloys are more red. Shown here is brass that has been partly patinated. Other examples of brass objects are candlesticks, military accessories, and musical and scientific instruments. |
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Although polished bronze is normally yellow, objects made with bronze have often another colour because they have tarnished or been intentionally patinated. Examples of bronze objects are statues, bells, and Chinese mirrors. This photograph shows a cast bronze figure with a natural tarnish layer. |  |
Corroded
wrought iron objects have a wood-like structure. This photograph shows
a corroded wrought iron chain. Common items of wrought iron objects are nails, railings, planters.urns, brackets, and beams. |
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Corroded castiron objects have flake type surface after time. Prior to this deep pitting, weaping, scabing and deep staining are obvious signs of excessive stucture degrading. It "reds" very quickly staining its suroundings as it looses its surface, this destroys details very quickly |
The
following factors can cause deterioration of metal objects |
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